|
Mazandaran Province ((ペルシア語:استان مازندران) ''Ostān-e Māzandarān'').〔Based on Maz or Mazan Term: ''Māzerūn'', (ペルシア語:مازندران), (ロシア語:Мазендеран). Based on Tapur Term: (英語:Tapuria), (アラビア語:طبرستان) ''Ṭabaristan'', from Middle Persian ''Tapuristān'' Mazandarani: Tapurana. (not prevalent) Ancient Greek: Hyrcania came from local name Vergana (Persian Gorgan), Caspia from local name Kaspi, See Caspian Sea. Firdawsi called the Caspian region Gilan, so people refer to Caspian provinces as Gilan. Note: It was also known as Al-Jannat by the Arabs, meaning paradise, during the 7–8th centuries〕 The province made part of First Region upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.〔 In the early 20th century, Reza Shah connected northern Elbourz to the southern slopes by constructing 7 new roads and railways, the provinces of Mazandaran and Gilan became known as Shomal by all Iranians (meaning "the North" in Persian Language). It is a Caspian province in the north of Iran.〔Keddie, N. R.; 1968; The Iranian villages before and after land reform. Journal of Contemporary History, 3(3), 69–78.〕 Located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, it is bordered clockwise by Russia (across the sea), Golestan, Semnan, Tehran, Alborz, Qazvin, and Gilan provinces. Sari is the largest city and the capital of Mazandaran province. Mazandaran is one of the most densely populated provinces in Iran〔Statistical Centre, Government of Iran. See: ("General Characteristics of Ostans according to their administrative divisions at the end of 1383 (2005 CE)" ), ("Population estimation by urban and rural areas, 2005" ) 〕 and has diverse natural resources, especially large reservoirs of oil and natural gas.〔(University of Mazanderan ) 〕 The province's four largest counties are Sari, Amol, Nur, and Tonekabon .〔Census Results, 2006: Sari: 490.830, Babel: 464.535, Amel: 343.747, Shahi: 293.721. (Iranian 2006 Census Website, Information File ) (in Persian)〕 Founded as a province in 1937, Mazandaran was declared the second modern province after neighbouring Gilan. The diverse nature of the province features plains, prairies, forests and rainforest 〔Springer Netherlands; July 10, 2005; (Contributions to the knowledge of the useful plants and plant raw materials of Iran ); ISSN 0921-9668〕 stretching from the sandy beaches of the Caspian Sea to the rugged and snowcapped Alborz sierra,〔(Mazandaran, Geography & History ) 〕 including Mount Damavand, one of the highest peaks and volcanos in Asia,〔(''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Entry for Elburz )〕 which at the narrowest point (Nowshahr County) narrows to 5 miles. Mazandaran is a major producer of farmed fish,〔(Freshwater Fishes of Iran ); Revised: 12 July 2007〕 and aquaculture provides an important economic addition to traditional dominance of agriculture.〔(''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Entry for Mazandaran )〕 Another important contributor to the economy is the tourism industry, as people from all of Iran enjoy visiting the area.〔() (Persian)〕 Mazandaran is also a fast-growing centre for biotechnology〔 and civil engineering. Human habitation in the area dates back at least 75,000 years.〔(IRAN Daily Caspian Region ) 〕 Recent excavations in Goher Tippe provide proof that the area has been urbanized for more than 5,000 years, and the area is considered one of the most important historical sites of Iran.〔(Parthia News ), November 6, 2005.〕 It has played an important role in cultural and urban development of the region.〔(Payvand, 400 Historical Sites Discovered within 7 Days in Mazandaran )〕 Indigenous peoples of the region include the ethnic Mazanderanis,〔(CHN Page for Mazandaran )〕 who speak an Iranian language which most closely resembles Gilaki and Sangiseri language, but also has phono-typical similarities to several Caucasian languages, reflecting the history of the region and its peoples. ==History== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mazandaran Province」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|